2021考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day46

汇率操纵(1)

The southern shrimp alliance, an industry association based in Florida, is angling for tariffs.It has tried repeatedly to have foreign competitors harpooned with duties. Now some new opportunities have surfaced.The Department of Commerce is proposing a rule enabling tariffs on imports from currency manipulators. Crustacean-catchers are keen.American businesses disgruntled by what they see as distorted exchange rates may soon have more weapons at hand.

译文

总部位于佛罗里达的一家产业协会—南方养虾联盟正试图征收关税。它曾多次试图让外国竞争对手被征收关税。现在一些新的机会出现了。美国商务部提出一项规定，将允许对来自汇率操纵的进口商品征收关税。甲壳动物捕手们很敏锐。美国企业对他们所认为的扭曲的汇率感到不满，他们或许很快便有更多的武器在手。

After weeks of fulmination by President Donald Trump on Twitter about countries that keep their currencies artificially weak to America's detriment,financial analysts are speculating that the Treasury might use its Exchange Stabilisation Fund(ESF) to weaken the dollar.Elizabeth Warren, a Democratic presidential hopeful, has also called for the dollar to be managed to promote exports,referring to proposals by Fred Bergsten and Joseph Gagnon of the Peterson Institute for International Economics, a think-tank.

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数周以来唐纳德·特朗普总统一直在推特上对那些依靠人为手段让本国货币货币保持弱势且对美国不利的国家表示暴怒，此后金融分析师猜测，美国财政部可能会利用其外汇平准基金（ESF）削弱美元。民主党总统候选人伊丽莎白·沃伦也呼吁管控美元以促进出口，她提到了智囊团彼得森国际经济研究所的佛雷德·伯格斯登以及瑟夫·加农的提议。

The chatter is odd in one respect: other countries' currency manipulation does not seem to be the reason for the dollar's strength.Although an IMF report published on July 17th said that the dollar was overvalued by 6-12%,it also said that foreign-exchange intervention had been playing "a much more muted role in recent years".America's loose fiscal policy—and the tighter stance of countries like Germany and the Netherlands—are more obvious culprits.However misdirected the current ire, the multilateral system for restraining currency manipulation is indeed toothless.

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这种喋喋不休在某方面很奇怪：其他国家的汇率操作似乎不是美元强劲的原因。虽然IMF在7月17日发表的报告表明美元被高估了6-12%，但报告也指出外汇干预在“近年来发挥的作用要温和得多”。美国宽松的财政政策—以及德国和荷兰等国更为强硬的立场—是更明显的罪魁祸首。无论当前的愤怒如何被误导，抑制货币操纵的多边体系确实没有多大作用。

In 2007 the IMF refrained from declaring China a currency cheat,although it was running a current-account surplus of 10% of GDP and buying around $2bn indollar-denominated assets each business day.Preparing for a future bout of competitive devaluation might not be a bad idea.But the proposals floating around Washington would be ripe for abuse.

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2007年，IMF并没有宣布中国存在货币欺骗，虽然其经常账户盈余占GDP的10%，并且每个营业日都会购买约20亿美元的以美元标价的资产。为未来一轮的竞争性贬值做准备或许并不是一件坏事。但围绕华盛顿周围的提议将有可能会被滥用。

注释

1.angle for 谋取

It sounds as if he's just angling for sympathy.

听起来好像他只是在博取同情。

2.disgruntled 不高兴的

Party members are disgruntled at the way the campaign is being handled.

党员们对竞选活动的运作方式很不满。

3.muted 减轻的

They spoke in muted voices.

他们轻声说着话。

4.devaluation 货币贬值

It will lead to devaluation of a number of European currencies...

这将会造成数种欧洲货币的贬值。