2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day59

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研信息网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

 

经济学人:优步经济学:艰难的交易(1)

Economists have always been fond of Uber. Its willingness to battle incumbents, use of technology to match buyers and sellers,and embrace of "surge" pricing to balance supply and demand make the ride-hailing giant a dismal scientist's dream.Steven Levitt, the author of the bestselling "Freakonomics", called it "the embodiment of what the economists would like the economy to look like".

 

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经济学家一直都钟爱优步。优步乐意与在位者竞争、利用科技将买家和卖家进行匹配，并乐于采用“峰时价格”平衡供求关系，这使得这家约车巨头成为了科学家的梦想。畅销书《魔鬼经济学》的作者史蒂文·莱维特称其为“经济学家理想经济的化身”。

But if economists subjected Uber and its competitors to a cost-benefit analysis, they might not be so impressed.This might surprise customers. A study in 2016 by researchers from Oxford University,the University of Chicago and Uber itself found sizeable benefits from ride-hailing services for consumers.

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但如果经济学家们对优步和其竞争对手进行一次成本效益分析，可能就不会对它们如此印象深刻了。这可能会让消费者们感到意外。2016年来自牛津大学、芝加哥大学和优步的研究人员做了一项研究，研究发现消费者从约车服务中获利丰厚。

Using data from 48m Uber trips taken in four American cities in 2015,they estimated the difference between how much customers were willing to pay and their actual fare.Each $1 spent on Uberx rides generated a "consumer surplus" of $1.60. Across America, that surplus was estimated to be $6.8bn a year.

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他们根据2015年四个美国城市的4800万次优步出行记录估算出了乘客愿意支付的车费和他们实际车费之间的差别。每花费1美元乘坐优步，就会产生1.6美元的“消费者盈余”。据估计，全美每年所产生的这类盈余为68亿美元。

Drivers also benefit. Few sign up for lack of anything else, as is true of some gig work:in America roughly eight in ten have left another job to get behind the wheel.The typical American Uber driver makes $16 per hour ($10 after expenses), higher than the federal minimum wage.In London earnings after expenses come to 11 pounds ($14) per hour and a recent survey found Uber drivers reporting higher levels of life satisfaction on average than other workers.

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司机也是受益者。不向一些零工，极少有人因没事可做而签约优步：在美国约有80%的人辞职去开车。美国优步司机一般每小时可挣16美元（扣除成本后为10美元），比联邦最低工资都高。在伦敦，扣除成本后，司机每小时可挣11英镑（14美元）并且最近的一项调查发现优步司机比其他劳动者的平均生活满意度都高。

 

注释

1.willingness 乐意

I get the sense that there is a willingness

我觉得有一种意愿。来源于《VOA》

2.ride-hailing 约车服务

The California-based ride-hailing company operates several services in France.

总部位于加州的这家叫车服务公司在法国运营多项服务。

3.embodiment 化身

Philip Gould was the living embodiment of social generosity.

菲利普·古尔德是社会慷慨的活生生的体现。来源于《THETIMES》

4.life satisfaction 生活满意度

In the middle, however, most people's happiness and life satisfaction levels drop.

然而，在中年时人们的幸福和生活的满意度下降了。

 

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