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2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day60

作者：聚创考研网-李老师点击量： 822 发布时间： 2019-05-06 09:23 【微信号：扫码加咨询】

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研信息网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

经济学人:优步经济学:艰难的交易(2)

But against these benefits, there are costs to weigh.Far from reducing congestion by encouraging people to give up their cars, as many had hoped, ride-hailing seems to increase it.

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但在这些利益背后，还有代价需要权衡。优步没有向很多人希望的那样，通过鼓励人们不要自己开车来缓解交通，约车服务似乎使交通拥堵变得更加严重。

Bruce Schaller, a transport consultant, estimates that over half of all Uber and Lyft trips in big American cities would otherwise have been made on foot or by bike, bus, subway or train.He reckons that ride-hailing services add 2.8 vehicle miles of driving in those cities for every mile they subtract.

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交通顾问布鲁斯·夏勒估计在美国大城市中，超过半数的优步和来福车出行都本可以通过步行、自行车、公交车、地铁或火车进行。他认为，在这些城市中，它们的行程每缩减一公里，约车就要多跑2.8公里。

A new working paper by John Barrios of the University of Chicago and Yael Hochberg and Hanyi Yi of Rice University spells out one deadly consequence of this increase in traffic. Using data from the federal transport department,they find that the introduction of ride-sharing to a city is associated with an increase in vehicle-miles travelled, petrol consumption and car registrations——and a 3.5% jump in fatal car accidents. At a national level, this translates into 987 extra deaths a year.

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芝加哥大学的John Barrios以及莱斯大学的Yael Hochberg和Hanyi Yi的一篇新工作论文明确说明了交通增长所导致的致命后果。根据联邦交通部的数据他们发现向一座城市引入拼车和汽车行驶里程、汽油消耗量以及车辆注册的增加有关联——并且致命交通事故增加了3.5%。从全国范围来看，这个比例相当于每年车祸死亡增加987例。

What could be done to tip the balance back to benefits overall? "Congestion pricing is the most direct solution," says Jonathan Hall of the University of Toronto.Several cities, including London, Stockholm and Singapore, have moved in this direction, charging drivers for entering busy areas at peak hours.If ride-hailing firms tweaked their pricing to encourage carpooling, that would help, too.

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怎样才能扭转平衡让整体受益呢？“高峰期行车收费是最直接的解决方案，”多伦多大学的Jonathan Hall说道。包括伦敦、斯德哥尔摩和新加坡在内的几个城市已经开始朝这个方向行动，向那些在高峰期驶入繁忙地区的司机收费。如果约车公司调整价格鼓励拼车，也是有帮助的。

One of the worst things a city can do, says Mr Barrios, is to cap the number of ride-hailing cars on their streets, as New York did in August.That marked a step back towards the days when barriers to entering the taxi market were high and competition was low.A dismal outcome, as most right-thinking economists would agree.

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一个城市可以做的最糟糕的事情之一，Barrios表示，就是限制路上约车的数量，就像8月份纽约所做的那样。这是退步回到了那些出租车市场进入要求高，竞争力低的日子。多数头脑正常的经济学家都会认为这是一个惨淡的结果。

注释

1.weigh 权衡

It is very important to weigh the salt accurately

准确地称重盐是非常重要的。来源于《BBC》

2.congestion 堵塞

Home working can also help to reduce transport congestion.

在家工作也有助于减少交通拥堵。来源于《THETIMES》

3.be associated with 与...有关

This displays various details associated with the certificate.

这显示了与证书相关联的各种详细信息。