2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day215

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。 

缺勤的快乐（1）

Ronald Reagan famously quipped that "it's true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance?"Beyond a certain level, extra effort seems to be self-defeating.Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply.But that doesn't stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods.

译文

罗纳德·里根曾说过一句著名的俏皮话，“努力工作不会导致死亡，不过我觉得干嘛要冒这个险呢？”超过一定水平后，额外的努力似乎会弄巧成拙。研究表明，一周工作50个小时后，员工生产力会急剧下滑。但这也无法阻止经理要求员工长时间守在工位上。

At the blood-testing firm Theranos, Sunny Balwani, then boyfriend of the founder, ElizabethHolmes,had an obsession with employee hours, and would tour the engineering department at7.30pm to check people were at their desks.All those hours were wasted when the company eventually collapsed (prosecutors have charged Ms Holmes and Mr Balwani with fraud).

译文

血液检测公司Theranos创始人伊丽莎白·霍尔姆斯当时的男朋友桑尼·巴尔瓦尼痴迷于雇员工时数，并会在七点半的时候巡视技术科，检查在岗人数。当公司最终倒闭，所有这些时间都被浪费了（检察官指控霍尔姆斯和巴尔瓦尼犯有欺诈罪）。

Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, a Chinese e-commerce group, recently praised the "996" model,where employees work from 9am to 9pm, six days a week, as a "huge blessing".To be fair, Mr Ma said employers should not mandate such hours. Still, presenteeism is the curse of the modern office worker.There will be days when you do not have much to do,perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department, or a different company, to respond to a request.As the clock ticks past 5pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk.But you can see your boss hard at work and, more important, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy.Some of this may be a self-perpetuating cycle. If bosses do not like to go home before their underlings,and underlings fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped.

译文

中国电商集团阿里巴巴的创始人马云近期称赞“996”模式—即员工上班时间为早上9点到晚上9点，一周工作6天— 是一种巨大的福气。公平地说，马云称雇主不应强制“996”。然而出勤是现代上班族的诅咒。总有些时候你会无事可做，因为你可能在等待其他部门，或其他公司某个人的回复。下午5点后，守在工位上或许没有任何意义。但你可以看到老板还在刻苦工作，更重要的是，他们也能看见你。所以你努力让自己看起来很忙。其中一些可能是一个自我延续的循环。如果老板不喜欢在下属之前下班，并且下属害怕在老板之前离开，每个人都被困住了。

Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort.This is easily confused with long hours.Managers, who are often no good at judging employees' performance, use time in the office as a proxy.The consequence is often wasted effort. To adjust the old joke about the Soviet Union:"We pretend to work and managers pretend to believe us."Rather than work hard, you toil to make bosses think that you are.Leaving a jacket on your office chair, walking around purposefully with a notebook or clipboard and sending out emails at odd hours are three of the best-known tricks.

译文

员工可能觉得如果上级没看见他们付出最大的努力，他们就不能加薪或升职。这很容易和长时间工作弄混淆。通常不擅于评判员工表现的经理们会把呆在办公室的时间作为替代。结果往往是白费力气。修改一下关于工会的老笑话：“我们假装工作，经理们假装信任我们。”你不是努力工作，而是努力让老板认为你很努力。把夹克放在办公椅上，故意拿着笔记本或笔记板走来走去以及在空闲时间发送电子邮件是三个最著名的把戏。

注释

1.quip 讽刺；讥讽

'He'll have to go on a diet,' Ballard quipped

“他得减肥啦，”巴拉德俏皮地说。

2.obsession 痴迷

She would try to forget her obsession with Christopher...

她会努力忘记对克里斯托弗的迷恋。

3.collapse崩溃；瓦解

His business empire collapsed under a massive burden of debt.

他的商业帝国无力承担沉重的债务负担而垮掉了。

4.promotion升职

Her promotion to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.

竟然提拔她当销售经理，叫每个人都感到意外。

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