2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day54

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研信息网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

 

经济学人:北美贸易:一场不公平的比赛

 

But in NAFTA that process has been broken for years. After Mexico launched a dispute against America over sugar in 2000,America refused to fill vacancies on the roster, in effect blocking the dispute's resolution. There have been no state-to-state disputes within NAFTA since.Over time, other problems with this template have emerged, including the possibility for defending countries to slow down procedures.

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但在是NAFTA中，这一程序多年来就已遭破坏。2000年自墨西哥针对食糖对美国发起争端后，美国拒绝填补名单上的空缺，实际上是阻止调解纠纷。自那时起，NAFTA协议中再也没有了国家与国家之间的纷争。随时间流逝，因这种模式而产生的其他问题也出现了，包括为了保护本国而拖延程序。

 

A dispute over labour standards between America and Guatemala under a different trade deal, for example,was delayed temporarily when Guatemala claimed that the two had not agreed on the meaning of choosing the final panellist "by lot",and demanded meetings before a panel could be picked. The concern is that the USMCA does not fix those problems,and that this was intentional on the part of American negotiators. (There were attempts to fix them in the TPP.)

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例如，美国和危地马拉之间在不同贸易协议下就劳工标准产生纠纷，当危地马拉宣称两国未就“抽签”选择最终组委成员的含义达成一致，并且要求在挑选小组成员前进行会谈时，该纷争就被暂时延期了。让人担忧的是USMCA不能解决那些问题，并且USMCA是由美国谈判代表策划的协议。（原本在TPP中修复这些问题的尝试。）

 

Since NAFTA's enforcement mechanism broke down,disputes that should fall under it have been taken to the World Trade Organisation instead. But the Trump administration is undermining that, too.Tough rules are painful when wielded against you, but useful when holding others to account.The Trump administration may think it can get the best of both worlds, by retaining its ability to block panels in case Mexico or Canada sue,and by using the same bullying tactics as it has with China when it has a problem of its own.

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由于NAFTA的执行机制已瘫痪，那么这些纷争应该转交给世界贸易组处理。但是特朗普政府也在暗中破坏。当严厉的规则用来制约你时是痛苦的，但当由别人承担责任时却是有效的。在墨西哥或加拿大的诉讼案中，通过保留阻碍事物委员会的能力以及当美国本国有问题时，通过使用对付中国的同一种霸凌策略，特朗普政府或许认为这样可以战胜两种局面。

 

But bypassing the judges attached to the USMCA risks delegitimising American complaints about unfair trade practices.By threatening a choice between the USMCA and the chaos of a lapsed NAFTA,Mr Trump wants to convince critics to ignore their worries that the new deal lacks teeth.But if he terminates NAFTA he will face legal challenges from the private sector,in particular over his authority to withdraw from a trade deal without the approval of Congress.Who would win is uncertain. What is clear is that the fight over North American trade is not over.

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但是回避隶属USMCA的法官会让美国的不公正交易行为投诉存在失去法律效力的风险。通过威胁国会在USMCA以及已失效的NAFTA之间做选择，特朗普想要说服批评者忽略他们对新协议缺乏利爪的担忧。但是如果他终止NAFTA，那么他将面临来自民营企业的挑战，尤其是他在未经国会批准退出一项贸易协议的情况下，对他权威的挑战。谁是赢家还不确定。不过有一点很清楚—北美贸易战争还未结束。

 

注释

1.dispute against 争论

I often dispute against my friends.

我常和朋友们辩论。

 

2.emerge 出现

The swimmer emerged from the lake.

游泳者从湖水中浮出来。

 

3.undermine 破坏

The continued fighting threatens to undermine efforts to negotiate an agreement...

持续的战斗会破坏希望通过谈判来达成协议的努力。

 

4.hold to account 让...承担责任

Once Republicans had control of both chambers, voters would hold them to account.

一旦参众两院都被共和党控制，选民们就会怪罪共和党。

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推荐阅读：

  1、【汇总】2020考研英语阅读题库

  2、2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day53