2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day12

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚英聚创考研信息网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

  经济学人:讣告:群体遗传学家卡瓦利-斯福扎逝世 享年96岁(2)

  Obituary: Luca Cavalli-Sforza

  讣告：路卡·卡瓦利-斯福扎

  The drift of humankind

  人类的漂流

  For two decades from 1970, when he took up a professorship at Stanford, he devoted himself to this subject.By the 1990s he was able to study variation in DNA itself.

  译文

  从1970年起的20年间，卡瓦利-斯福扎担任斯坦福大学的教授，期间一直致力于研究这个课题。到20世纪90年代，他已经能够研究DNA本身的变异。

  When he and his colleagues instructed a computer to sort around 1,000 people from across the globe into five clusters by similarity of DNA,the clusters matched the labels by which humans had long grouped themselves intuitively:West Eurasians, East Asians, Native Americans, New Guineans and Africans.

  译文

  卡瓦利-斯福扎和其同事利用计算机根据DNA相似性将来自世界各地的1000人分为5组，而这些分的组和长期以来人类凭直觉对自己的划分是相匹配的：西方欧亚混血、东亚、美洲原住民、新几内亚人和非洲人。

  He soon concluded, though, that race was not a scientifically valid way to classify them.Europeans, for example, were about two-thirds Asian and one-third African,but after millennia of mixing there was no such thing as pure Asian or pure African either.Skin colour, or the shape of a nose, were just superficial adaptations to climate and place.

  译文

  然而，他很快得出结论：种族并不是一个科学有效的分类方法。例如，约三分之二的欧洲人是亚洲人，三分之一是非洲人，但是经过千年的混合，没有纯粹的亚洲人或纯粹的非洲人。肤色，或者鼻子的形状，只是对气候和地形的表面适应。

  He represented his genetic data as "trees" branching over time: simplistic diagrams, but beautiful in their simplicity.They often agreed, as he had hoped, with the findings of linguists and archaeologists:suggesting, for example, that humanity arose in Africa, where it stayed for a long time before moving outwards, somewhere between 100,000 and 50,000 years ago.The earliest African migrants probably reached Asia first, moving on to Oceania, Europe and America, in that order.

  译文

  卡瓦利-斯福扎将基因数据根据时间以“树状”呈现：简单的图表，但简中有美。正如卡瓦利-斯福扎所希冀的，这些图表正和语言学家和考古学家的发现一致：例如，人类起源于非洲，约10万到5万年前，非洲是迁徙之前人类停留时间最长的地方。最早的非洲移民可能最先到达亚洲，接下来按序是大洋洲、欧洲和美洲。

  He particularly liked to tell his story of farmers.By checking variations between individuals based on their blood groups, he discerned a gradient in that variation that stretched south-east-to-north-west across Europe.This he saw as the genetic signature of farming after its invention around 9,000 years ago in the Fertile Crescent.As early farmers radiated out of the Near East, he argued, they bred with indigenous hunter-gatherers, until by the time they reached colder climates their genes were a good mix of both.

  译文

  卡瓦利-斯福扎特别喜欢讲关于农民的发现。通过检查基于血型的个体差异，他发现了从东南到西北横跨欧洲的变化梯度。卡瓦利-斯福扎认为这是约9000年前在肥沃月湾（一古代农业地区）发明农业之后的基因标志。他认为从近东辐射过来的早期农民，与土著狩猎者结合，直到到了更冷的气候中，农民和狩猎者的基因刚好是完美的融合。

  注释

  1.variation 变化，变动； 变异

  For some other hybrids, the variation is greater.

  对于其他杂种来说，变异更大。来源于《WSJ》

  2.millennia 一千年

  You don't change two millennia of precedence overnight.

  你不会在一夜之间改变两千年的优先权。来源于《VOA》

  3.indigenous 土生土长的； 生来的，固有的； 本地的； 根生土长

  However, resistance by the indigenous Carib Indians continues.

  然而，加勒比土著和印第安人的抵抗仍在继续。来源于《BBC》

  This is the state of indigenous languages in Taiwan.

  这是台湾本土语言的现状。来源于《BBC》

考研英语复习没有头绪？想要提升自己的英语实力？那就快来围观聚英聚创考研信息网的英语课程哦，2020考研英语全程班不仅有189课时的名师视频讲解，还有配套的讲义和礼品，课程包含导学、基础及强化等，根据最新大纲，实行全年更新的模式，单课时低至1.5元！更多优惠内容大家可点击以下图片了解详情。

推荐阅读：

  1、【汇总】2020考研英语阅读题库

  2、解锁考研英语新题型的七大技巧