2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day11

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚英聚创考研信息网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

  经济学人:讣告:群体遗传学家卡瓦利-斯福扎逝世 享年96岁(1)

  Obituary: Luca Cavalli-Sforza

  讣告：路卡·卡瓦利-斯福扎

  The drift of humankind

  人类的漂流

  Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, population geneticist, died on August 31st, aged 96.

  群体遗传学家路易吉·路卡·卡瓦利-斯福扎，逝于8月31日，享年96岁。

  FOR a man who spent his career illuminating the vast, dim migrations of people in prehistory, Luca Cavalli-Sforza's life was remarkably circular.He first became interested in his major field, genetics, in the house of the geneticist Adriano Buzzati at Belluno, in the hills north of Venice.There he helped to collect thousands of flies in search of mutant Y chromosomes;and though he subsequently travelled the world to study the makeup of its tribes and populations, it was in Belluno that he died.

  译文

  路卡·卡瓦利-斯福扎终其职业生涯都在阐释史前人类模糊的大迁徙，一生都在循环研究。卡瓦利-斯福扎第一次对自己的专业领域遗传学发生兴趣是在遗传学家阿德里亚诺·布扎蒂的家里，位于威尼斯北侧的山区贝卢诺市。那里，卡瓦利-斯福扎曾帮助收集数千只蝇，用于寻找突变的Y染色体；在后虽周游世界去研究世界各地人类部落和群体的组成，但终离世于贝卢诺。

  He had vaguely meant to be a doctor, but found his training useless in wartime hospitals.Instead, he took up the genetic study of E. coli bacteria, shutting himself away in the laboratory.But human beings still fascinated him:not least because he increasingly realised that the human genome contained not only the instructions for building future members of the species, but also its entire past.

  译文

  卡瓦利-斯福扎曾草草打算成为一名医生，但是发现自己在战时医院的训练并派不上什么用场。相反，他把自己关在实验室，开始进行大肠杆菌的遗传研究。但人类学依然吸引着他：尤其因为他逐渐意识到人类基因不仅包含着对未来物种的指导，而且也是过去的体现。

  Migration, conquest and isolation had also left their traces in living populations.He set out to find them.The technology available was rudimentary.He pored over names in parish registers and learned to do statistics, convinced that with enough patience he could measure anything.

  译文

  移民、征服和隔离也在如今的群体中留下了踪迹。卡瓦利-斯福扎开始努力寻找这些踪迹。可用的技术是初级的。卡瓦利-斯福扎仔细研究教区记事录的名字，并学会了做统计，他坚信只要有足够的耐心，就能衡量一切。

  For one early paper he pulled surnames from Italian phone directories as proxies for father-son transmission.By plotting the distribution of names in 91 provinces, he showed that the Apennines—the backbone of Italy—had formed a natural barrier to migration for millennia,resulting in genetically distinct populations on either side.

  译文

  为完成一篇早期论文，他从意大利电话簿中提取出姓氏，作为父子传播的索引。通过标绘91个省人名的分布，他表明亚平宁山脉——意大利的脊梁——在几千年的时间里形成了一个自然的迁徙障碍，由此导致山两边人类群体的基因差别。

  And because he could also measure variation in blood proteins, such as that between A, B and O blood types,he also collected blood samples from townsfolk all over the Parma valley to show that marriage between related individuals had led to many of the genetic differences between those towns.

  译文

  由于他也能测量血液蛋白质的变化，如A、B、O血型的血液蛋白质变化，所以他还收集了帕尔马河谷各地居民的血样，以证明相关个体之间的婚姻导致了这些城镇之间的许多遗传差异。

  注释

  1.make up 构造，组成

  Their descendants make up a majority of the population.

  他们的后裔构成人口的大多数。来源于《BBC》

  2.mean to do 有意

  I didn't mean to hurt you.

  我不是有意要伤害你。

  3.take up 开始从事

  I asked whether she'd take up sport again.

  我问她是否会再次开始运动。来源于《BBC》

  4.fascinate someone 使着迷

  Politics fascinated Franklin's father.

  政治让富兰克林的父亲着迷。

  5.not least 尤其

  Not least because the law can itself be immoral.

  尤其是因为法律本身可能是不道德的。来源于《THETIMES》

  6.set out to do 开始努力

  When you are a manager, all you want to do is achieve what you set out to do.

  当你是一名经理时，你开始努力的就是完成你想要做的事情。来源于《BBC》

  7.pore over 仔细研究

  She can do her makeup during the morning ride downtown, and pore over her latest murder-mystery novel on the ride back.

  她可以在早晨乘坐市区的途中化妆，然后仔细阅读她最近的一本谋杀神秘小说。来源于《WSJ》

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