2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day9

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚英聚创考研信息网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

  经济学人: 回收:塑料公路 (2)

  If all goes well, the inventors hope to develop the idea and make the sections entirely from recycled plastic.Paths, car parks and railway platforms could follow. Eventually, sections for use as actual roads are planned.These could contain sensors for traffic monitoring.In time, the circuits in the plastic roads might extend to assisting autonomous vehicles and recharging electric cars wirelessly.
  译文
  如果一切顺利，那么投资者希望开发此想法并完全利用回收垃圾制造这些节段。路径、停车场以及铁路站台可都如此。最终，将节段投入真正公路上的计划拟定。这些可以容纳用于交通监测的传感器。塑料公路中的电路或许可以扩展用于辅助自动车辆以及为无线电动车充电。

  Prefabricated plastic roads should last two-to-three times longer than conventional roads and cost less, the companies claim,mainly because construction times would be reduced by almost two-thirds.Anti-slip surfaces could be incorporated, too, including crushed stones which are traditionally used to dress road surfaces.The sections, when replaced, can also be recycled.But engineers will be watching to see how the track stands up to wear and tear and if the hollow structure causes resonance,which would make such a road unduly noisy.
  译文
  公司宣称预先建造的塑料公路的使用年限应是传统公路的两到三倍且成本更低。这主要是因为塑料公路的施工期缩减了将近三分之二。塑料公路还能装上防滑表层，包括传统用于铺设路面的碎石子。被替换下来的节段也可被回收。但是工程师将检测路径如何抵抗磨损以及空心的结构是否会引起共振从而造成公路噪音。

  An alternative method of using recycled plastic is to mix the material into hot bitumen when making asphalt.A road is about to be built this way on the campus of the University of California, San Diego,to test a number of specialist roadmaking plastics developed by MacRebur, a British firm.Each mix is produced from plastic that is not easily or cheaply recycled and so typically ends up in landfill,says Toby McCartney, who founded the firm in 2015 with a group of colleagues.
  译文
  使用回收塑料的另一种替代方法是在制作柏油时，将材料混合进热沥青中。用这种方法制造的公路将建在圣地亚哥加利福尼亚大学校园中，以检测英国公司MacRebur研发的若干特制公路制造塑料。每种混合都源自塑料，这些塑料无法被轻易回收或是回收成本较高，因此，通常都被丢弃在垃圾填埋场中，托比·麦卡特尼说道，他和一些同事在2015年成立了这家公司。

  MacRebur cleans and sorts the plastic and then grinds the waste into flakes or pellets.The plan is for this part of the process to be carried out in the localities where roads are being laid or repaired,so that local waste is used to produce local roads. Each mix can contain 20 or so different polymers for specific surfaces.
  译文
  MacRebur公司清理并将塑料分类，然后将废物碾成片状或球状。该计划将在那些需要铺设公路或需要修补公路的地方实施因此，当地的废品被用于制造当地的公路。每种混合可包含20多种不同比表面聚合物。

  One mix, for instance, might be suitable for a bus lane that carries heavy loads.Another would provide some flexibility in an area of turning traffic, such as a roundabout,where lateral forces from vehicles' wheels can stretch the surface causing it to tear. Extremes of heat and cold can also be adjusted for.And because the addition of plastic helps to seal up small holes,which allow water to get below the surface of a road and cause it to break up, the modified asphalt can help to prevent potholes.
  译文
  例如，其中一种混合可能适用于承载重荷的公交专用道。另一种混合可以为转向交通区域，比如环状交叉路口，提供一些弹性，在环状交叉路口来自于车辆轮胎的侧向力使公路表面延展造成磨损。还可以调整到极度冷热。由于塑料的附加属性帮助密封住小孔，（水会顺着这些小孔流入公路表面之下造成公路断裂），因此经过改进的柏油可以帮助防止坑槽。

  The company's plastic mixes have already been used in roads, carparks and airport runways in various parts of the world.One of the oldest projects is a stretch of road in Cumbria, in north-west Britain, which is extensively used by heavy lorries.This used to need resurfacing every six months or so, but with the addition of plastic it is still going strong after two years, says Mr McCartney.When resurfacing is needed, the material can be recycled again.
  译文
  该公司的塑料混合物已被用于全球各地区的公路、停车场以及飞机场。最老旧的项目之一就是英国西北部坎布里亚的一段公路，这种方法广泛用于大型卡车。过去每隔六个月就需要重铺一次，但是有了塑料的附加属性，使用两年后，公路仍然耐用，麦卡特尼说道。当需要重修时，材料可被再次回收。

  注释
  1.monitor 监控；监督；监视
  These judges did not volunteer to monitor the elections.
  这些法官没有自愿监督选举。来源于《VOA》
  It should not be used to monitor expiration dates.
  它不应用于监视过期日期。来源于《BBC》

  2.wear and tear 磨损
  The classical view is that aging happens because of random wear and tear.
  经典观点认为，老化是由随机磨损引起的。来源于《NEWYORKER》

  3.be suitable for 适合于...
  Investment in commodity markets may not be suitable for all investors.
  对商品市场的投资可能不适合所有投资者。来源于《WSJ》

  4.resurface 重铺路面；浮出水面
  Meanwhile the race is on to resurface the road before next Wednesday.
  与此同时正赶着在下周三前把路面重新铺好。
  They may also resurface later and seriously affect the young person's future.
  它们也可能在稍后重新浮出水面，严重影响年轻人的未来。来源于《BBC》

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