2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day3

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚英聚创考研信息网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

  经济学人:商品:全球形势紧张(3)

  Progress in talks on the North American Free-Trade Agreement would also be good news.But BHP, the world's biggest miner, issued a blunt assessment of the longer-term dangers to its products during its otherwise promising year-end results on August 21st.It said protectionism was "exceedingly unhelpful" for broad-based global growth,adding that Sino-American trade tensions could weaken both countries' GDP growth by a quarter to three-quarters of a percentage point, absent counter-measures.
  译文
  北美自由贸易协定谈话中所取得的进展也是好消息。但8月21日，在其前景年终总结中世界最大的矿业公司必和必拓公司发布了一份商品更长期危害评估。它表示贸易保护主义对基础广泛的全球增长是“极其无益的”，它还说道，由于缺乏对策，中美贸易紧张会将对两国GDP增长造成从四分之一个百分至四分之三个百分点的削减。

  Both America and China imposed another tranche of tariffs, on a further $16bn-worth of each other's goods, on August 23rd.Analysts point to two main ways in which these tensions hurt commodity prices.
  译文
  8月23日，中美两国相互对价值160亿美元的商品增加一轮关税。分析师指出了这些紧张会对商品价格造成影响的两种主要方式。

  The first is because of the rising importance of emerging markets to demand.In a report in June, the World Bank calculated that almost all the growth in the past 20 years in global metal consumption,two thirds of the increase in energy demand and two-fifths of the rise in food consumption came from seven countries:Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Russia and Turkey.
  译文
  第一是由于新兴市场对需求的重要性在不断增长。在今年6月份的报告中，世界银行估算，过去20年中全球金属消耗的所有增长、能源需求2/3的增长以及食物消耗2/5的增长都来自7个国家：巴西、中国、印度、印尼、墨西哥、俄罗斯以及土耳其。

  This group now exceeds the Group of Seven industrial nations in consumption of coal and all base and precious metals,as well as of rice, wheat and soyabeans. Commodity prices are therefore far more sensitive to these countries' fortunes than they used to be.Hence their walloping last week when the plunging Turkish lira gave a shock to other fragile currencies.
  译文
  这七个国家如今在碳、基底金属、稀有金属以及大米、小麦和大豆消耗方面超过了西方七个工业大国集团。所以商品价格对这些国家的命运而言要比以往更加敏感。因此当土耳其里拉暴跌，他们所受的打击让其他脆弱的货币为之震颤。

  The second is speculation. Ole Hansen, head of commodities strategy at Saxo Bank, says that fears of a trade war have clobbered prices of the most globally traded commodities, notably copper, as short positions by speculators have surged.China accounts for half the world's demand for copper, the same share as its consumption of steel.Yet steel prices have fared much better because the most liquid steel contract is in China,which is much more affected by domestic supply and demand factors than big global bets.
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  第二个是投机。盛宝银行商品战略主管奥勒·汉森表示对贸易战争的恐惧打击了大部分全球贸易商品价格，尤其是铜，因为投机者的空头激增。中国的铜需求占全球铜需求的一半，与其钢铁消耗份额一样。而钢铁价格进展更加顺利，因为大部分钢水合约都在中国，其更多的是受国内供应于需求的影响而非全球押注的影响。

  A steel-futures contract in Shanghai touched a seven-year high on August 22nd.As ever, demand from China remains the biggest swing factor for commodities.BHP reckons China will use fiscal and monetary expansion to help offset the impact to its exports from the trade conflict,which could benefit commodities. But even if the worst is now priced in, plenty of volatility lies ahead.As Mr Seifried quips from the cornfields of Nebraska, "predicting the future is a son of a bitch".
  译文
  8月22日，上海一份钢材期货交易合同创7年新高。中国需求如往常一样仍是商品最大的浮动因素。BHP认为中国将利用财政及货币扩张帮助抵消贸易冲突对其出口的影响，而商品也将获益。但即便现在最糟糕的一面已经出现，前方还有很多波动。正如赛弗里德在内布拉斯加州的玉米地里嘲弄，“预测未来是个狗杂种”。

  注释
  1.exceedingly 极其
  Users also are hampered by exceedingly slow connection speeds
  用户也会因为连接速度过慢而受到阻碍。来源于《VOA》

  2.consumption 消耗；消费
  We may post your suggestions for public consumption here
  我们可以在这里张贴您对公众消费的建议。来源于《BBC》
  We knew fuel consumption was going to be critical
  我们知道燃料消耗将是至关重要的。来源于《BBC》

  3.exceed 超过
  The market has been pricing earnings to exceed expectations.
  市场一直在给收益定价，使其超出预期。来源于《WSJ》

  4.quip 嘲弄；讥讽
  Our lead item Monday included a quip about male hypolactation
  周一，我们的主要项目包括一段关于男性赞美诗的俏皮话。来源于《WSJ》

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