每日一篇:《经济学人》读译参考 Day109

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经济学人:熊猫遗传学:熊猫的第二拇指(2)

 

Science and technology: Panda genetics

科技：熊猫遗传学

 

The other genetic convergences Dr Hu recorded were related to the digestion and metabolism of substances scarce in, or absent from, bamboo.He and his colleagues noted parallel changes in the genes for three digestive enzymes whose job is to liberate two particular amino acids, lysine and arginine, from proteins.Both lysine and arginine are abundant in meat, but in short supply in bamboo.

译文

胡博士记录的其他遗传转化与竹子中缺乏或缺失的物质的消化和代谢有关。他的团队发现三种消化酶基因相似的改变，这些消化酶的作用是从蛋白质中释放两种特殊的氨基酸，赖氨酸和精氨酸。肉类中富含赖氨酸和精氨酸，而在竹子中却很缺乏。

 

The team also noted parallel changes in four genes that encode proteins involved in the metabolism of two vitamins, A and B12, and of arachidonic acid, a lipid essential for bodily function.All of these are scarce or non-existent in bamboo as well.

译文

该团队还注意到四种变化相同的基因，这些基因编码的蛋白质包括新陈代谢中所需的维生素A，维生素B12和机体功能必需的脂质-花生四烯酸。而这些在竹子中非常缺乏甚至不存在。

 

Exactly how the genetic changes seen alter the effectiveness of the proteins involved remains to be determined.But the prediction would be that they enhance the availability of the nutrients in question.The upshotis that the two pandas do indeed seem to have similar genetics underlying their similar peculiarities.

译文

基因变化具体是如何改变所涉及蛋白质的有效性仍有待确定。但可预测的是，它们增强了讨论中的营养素的可利用性。结论是：基于两类熊猫的相似特性，它们确实有相似基因。

 

Such similarities are, admittedly, easier to find than different genetic routes to the same outcome would be.But Dr Hu has established that, at least in the case of pandas, natural selection has often taken the same paths to arrive at the same outcomes.

译文

诚然，这些相似之处比不同的基因路径更容易找到相同的结果。但是胡博士已经确定，至少在熊猫中，自然选择通常以相同的途径达到相同的结果。

 

注释

1.in short 总而言之

例句:In short, I didn't like the film at all.

总而言之，这电影我一点儿也不喜欢。

 

2.arrive at 到达

例句:As soon as you arrive at your destination, step out of the aircraft and reset your wristwatch.

你一到达目的地，就走出飞机并重新设置手表时间。

 

3.at least 至少

例句:He's been away for at least a week.

他走了总有一个星期吧。

 

4.as well 也

例句:He should pay and maintain you as well.

他得给你钱，还得供养你。

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