每日一篇:《经济学人》读译参考 Day60

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经济学人:民粹主义政策:对移民强硬是对是错(1)

Leaders  Left behind

领导者 落在后面

The right way to help places hurt by globalization.

帮助受全球化伤害地区的正确之路。

Populism's wave has yet to crest.That is the sobering lesson of recent elections in Germany and Austria, where the success of anti-immigrant, anti-globalization parties showed that a message of hostility to elites and outsiders resonates as strongly as ever among those fed up with the status quo.

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民粹主义浪潮尚未达到高峰。这是来自德国和奥地利的最近大选的令人深思的教训，那里的反移民、反全球化政党的成功表明，一种对于精英和外来者的敌意信息在不满现状的人群仍然如以前一样强烈地产生共鸣。

It is also the lesson from America, where Donald Trump is doubling down on gestures to his angry base, most recently by adopting a negotiating position on NAFTA that is more likely to wreck than remake the trade agreement.These remedies will not work.The demise of NAFTA will disproportionately hurt the blue-collar workers who back Mr.Trump.

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这也是来自美国的教训，他们的川普正在加大对愤怒的票仓之姿态的赌注，最近的举措是在NAFAT（《北美自由贸易协定》）上采取了一种更有可能摧毁而不是重塑这一贸易协议的谈判立场。这些解决方案不会管用。NAFAT的死亡将不成比例地伤害支持川普的蓝领工人。

Getting tough on immigrants will do nothing to improve economic conditions in eastern Germany, where 20% of voters backed the far-right Alternative for Germany.But the self-defeating nature of populist policies will not blunt their appeal.Mainstream parties must offer voters who feel left behind a better vision of the future, one that takes greater account of the geographical reality behind the politics of anger.

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对移民强硬将丝毫不能改善德国东部的经济环境，那里20%的选民支持了德国选择党。但是，民粹主义政策这种自欺欺人的性质不会消弱它们的吸引力。主流政党必须给觉得被落在后面的选民提供一种更好的未来愿景，一种更多地考虑到愤怒政治背后的地理现实的未来愿景。

Economic theory suggests that regional inequalities should diminish as poorer (and cheaper) places attract investment and grow faster than richer ones.The 20th century bore that theory out: income gaps narrowed across American states and European regions.

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经济学理论认为，随着较为贫穷（和较为廉价的）地区吸引投资并比较为富裕的地区更快地增长，地区不平等应当逐渐消失。20世纪证实了这个理论：美国各州之间以及欧洲各国之间的收入差距缩小了。

No longer.Affluent places are now pulling away from poorer ones.This geographical divergence has dramatic consequences.A child born in the bottom 20% in wealthy San Francisco has twice as much chance as a similar child in Detroit of ending up in the top 20% as an adult.

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时移世易。如今，富足的地区正在撤离较为贫穷的地区。这种地理差异具有戏剧性的后果。出生在富裕的旧金山底层五分之一的孩子有着两倍于出生在底特律的同样孩子在成年后跻身顶层五分之一的机会。

注释

1.left behind 留下；遗留

例句:Once the eggs have hatched the shells are left behind.

一旦鸡蛋孵化后，蛋壳就没用了。

2.ending up 以...结束

例句:I nearly died when I learned where I was ending up.

得知自己到了哪里时，我简直要晕过去了。

3.No longer 不再

例句:She no longer feared that they should misunderstand her.

她不再害怕他们会误解她了。

4.income gaps 收入差距

例句:History also suggests that the income gaps that worry governments will narrow.

历史记录还表明，各国政府担心的城乡收入差距将会缩小。

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