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经济学人:科技革命:内燃机迎来末日(1)
Leaders Road Kill
领导者 内燃机之死
1.The internal combustion engine had a good run. But the end is in sight for the machine that changed the world
内燃机有着辉煌的过去。但是,对于这种改变了世界的机器来说,末日近在眼前。
“Human inventiveness…has still not found a mechanical process to replace horses as the propulsion for vehicles,” lamented Le Petit Journal, a French newspaper, in December 1893.Its answer was to organise the Paris-Rouen race for horseless carriages, held the following July.
译文
“人类的创新……至今仍未找到一种机械过程来取代马匹作为车辆的推力,”1893年12月,法国报纸《小巴黎人报》哀叹道。它的答案是组织在来年7月举行的巴黎至鲁昂非马拉车大赛。
2.The 102 entrants included vehicles powered by steam, petrol, electricity, compressed air and hydraulics.Only 21 qualified for the 126km (78-mile) race, which attracted huge crowds.Only 21 qualified for the 126km (78-mile) race, which attracted huge crowds.The clear winner was the internal combustion engine.Over the next century it would go on to power industry and change the world.
译文
102辆入围赛车包括了以蒸汽、汽油、电力、压缩空气和液压为动力的车辆。只有21辆车获得了资格参加这场吸引了大批观众的赛程为126公里(合78英里)的比赛。大获全胜的赢家是内燃机。在下一个世纪中,它会继续推动工业前进并将改变世界。
3.But its days are numbered.Rapid gains in battery technology favour electric motors instead.In Paris in 1894 not a single electric car made it to the starting line, partly because they needed battery-replacement stations every 30km or so.Today's electric cars, powered by lithium-ion batteries, can do much better.The Chevy Bolt has a range of 383km; Tesla fans recently drove a Model S more than 1,000km on a single charge.
译文
但是,它的日子已经屈指可数了。电池技术的飞速发展宠幸的是电动车。1984年,在巴黎,没有一辆电动车出现在起跑线上,一部分原因在于它们每30公里左右就需要电池更换站。今天的电动汽车,以锂电池为动力,能够做得好得多。雪佛兰闪电(Chevy Bolt)有382公里的最大行程;特斯拉的粉丝日前单独充了一次电,就让Model S 跑了1000多公里。
4.UBS, a bank, reckons the “total cost of ownership” of an electric car will reach parity with a petrol one next year—albeit at a loss to its manufacturer.It optimistically predicts electric vehicles will make up 14% of global car sales by 2025, up from 1% today.
译文
瑞银测算,一辆电动车的“拥有总成本”将在明年与拥有一辆汽油车持平——尽管这对制造厂商来说是一大损失。它乐观地预测,到2025年,电动车将构成全球汽车销量的14%,比当前的1%大幅上升。
5.Others have more modest forecasts, but are hurriedly revising them upwards as batteries get cheaper and better—the cost per kilowatt-hour has fallen from $1,000 in 2010 to $130-200 today.Regulations are tightening, too.
译文
其他人有着较为保守的预测,但是,随着电池变得越来越便宜和越来越好——每千瓦小时的成本已经从2010年1000美元降至目前的130-200美元,都在匆忙地调高各自的预测。监管也在收紧。
注释
1.combustion engine 内燃机
例句:The invention of the internal combustion engine inaugurated a new era in travel.
内燃机的发明为旅行开创了新纪元。
2.electric vehicles 电动车
例句:China is already thought to have a lead in battery development and electric vehicles.
业界认为中国已经在蓄电池和电动车领域处于领先地位。
3.make up 组成;化妆
例句:They'll have to make up time lost during the strike.
他们不得不加班弥补罢工耽误的时间。
4.a range of 一系列的
例句:The two men discussed a range of issues.
那两个人讨论了一系列问题。
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