2021考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day7

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚创考研小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。 

印度经济增长的骗局(1)

Almost two years ago Arvind Subramanian, thenIndia's chief economic adviser,published a little-noticed passage in the finance ministry's annual economic survey.The previous two years posed a "puzzle", he wrote.India had reported miracle growth in GDP (averaging 7.5%) despite miserable growth in investment, exports and credit.He looked for comparable examples elsewhere since 1991. He found none.No country had grown faster than 7% in such circumstances. None, in fact, had grown faster than 5%.India's rapid expansion, he warned, might be hard to sustain.Or, indeed, hard to believe. Mr Subramanian's official position meant he could not say that loudly then.But he is saying it now. In a paper published by Harvard University, where he is a visiting fellow,he argues that India's growth figures have been greatly overstated.

译文

两年前，印度时任首席经济顾问阿文德·萨勃拉曼尼亚在财政部的年度经济调查中发表了一篇不太引人注意的文章。他写道，前两年是一个“谜”。印度报道，尽管投资、出口和贷款增长惨淡，但GDP出现了奇迹般的增长（平均增长7.5%）。他一直在到处寻找1991年以来的类似例子，但却没有找到。在这种情况下，没有一个国家的GDP增长超过7%。事实上，连超过5%的都没有。他警告称，印度的快速增长或许难以证实。或者，确实难以置信。萨勃拉曼尼亚先生当时的公职意味着他不能大肆宣扬。但现在他说出来了。现在他是哈佛大学的客座人员，在哈佛大学发表的一篇论文中他称印度的增长数字被极大地夸大了。

From the 2011-12 fiscal year to 2016-17, its economy officially expanded by about 7% a year,eventually outpacing China's to become the fastest-growing big economy.That boast has helped entice over $350bn of foreign investment in the past seven years.But India's true growth, Mr Subramanian thinks, is more like 4.5%.Rather than outperforming China, India has under performed Indonesia.

译文

从2011-12财年到2016-17财年，官方称其经济年增长约7%，最终超过中国，成为增长最快的经济大国。在过去7年中，这种吹嘘帮助吸引了超过3500亿美元的国外投资但印度真实的经济增长，萨勃拉曼尼亚先生认为，更有可能是4.5%。印度的表现没有胜过中国，甚至还不如印度尼西亚。

His paper starts by reporting a variety of indicators that have slowed sharply since 2011-12, even as growth has remained steady.He then tries to measure the size of the problem. Looking at more than 70 countries from2002 to 2016,he estimates the typical relationship between GDP growth and four other indicators: the growth of credit, exports, imports and electricity.Before 2011 that relationship also held in India. But after it, India became an outlier.Its reported growth was over 7%, even as the weakness of imports, exports and credit suggested growth closer to 4.5%.

译文

他的论文首先报告了一系列自2011年至2012年以来急剧放缓的指标，尽管经济增长一直保持稳定。然后他试图衡量问题的规模。他研究了从2002年到2016年间的70多个国家，并评估了GDP增长和四个其他指标（贷款增长、出口、进口和电力）之间的典型关系。在2011年前，这种关系也存在于印度。但之后，印度成为了一个异常。其报道的经济增长超过7%，即便疲弱的进出口和贷款表明其增长接近4.5%。

注释

1.comparable类似的

A comparable house in the south of the city would cost twice as much.

一栋类似的房子位于城南部就要贵一倍的价钱。

2.overstate 夸张

He tends to overstate his case when talking politics.

他一谈政治便流于夸夸其谈。

3.fiscal year 财政年度

But there is no legal mechanism for the government to block Huawei or other companies from expanding their businesses in the US.[qh]

但美国政府没有阻挠华为及其它企业在美国扩张业务的法律途径。[qh]

4.outpace 超过

Demand is outpacing production.

需求正在超过生产。

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