2020考研英语：《经济学人》中英读译Day22

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚英聚创考研信息网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

经济学人:欧洲养老金:一脚踏入阿尔加维

 

When the financial crisis hammered Portugal's economy, hundreds of thousands of its people left,taking advantage of the European Union's rules on free movement to find work in countries that were hit less hard.Now Portugal is welcoming older people going in the other direction, not for jobs but for a warm, cheap retirement.

译文

当金融危机席卷葡萄牙经济时，数十万葡萄牙人离开了，他们利用欧盟自由出入的规定在那些受经济危机打击较小的国家中找工作。现在葡萄牙以另一种方式欢迎老年人，不为工作而是为了一种温暖、廉价的退休政策。

 

Well-off baby-boomers are flocking to Lisbon, Sintra and the Algarve, drawn in part by Portugal's tax exemptions on foreign income.Under its non-habitual-residency scheme, pensions from abroad can be drawn tax-free for a decade.Bilateral double-taxation agreements are intended to ensure that income does not end up being taxed twice.

译文

在婴儿潮出生的人生活宽裕，他们涌入里斯本、辛特拉以及阿尔加维，被葡萄牙对海外收入的免税政策所吸引。在非常住税务居民计划下，来自海外的退休金可免除十年税收。双边双重课税协议旨在确保收入不被二次征税。

 

But some countries, seeking to boost domestic demand by luring wealthy immigrants,have arranged matters so that they can avoid paying any tax on income earned outside their country of residence, such as pensions, capital gains and rent.To qualify, foreign pensioners who move to Portugal need only stick around for six months a year and register as tax-resident.

译文

但是为了吸引富裕移民促进国内需求，一些国家做好了一切安排，让那些富裕的移民可以避免为来自居住国之外的收入上缴任何税，比如养老金、资本收益及租金。移居葡萄牙的海外领取退休金人员仅需一年内在该国停留6个月并注册成为该国纳税居民便可获得该国移民资格。

 

Portugal is not the only EU country where foreign pensioners can find a sweet deal.France taxes some pensions taken as a lump sum at 7.5%; with judicious use of private health insurance,pensioners can also avoid paying the social charges of 9.1% normally levied on pensions.Malta exempts pensions of up to 13,200 euros ($15,200) from tax altogether, with a flat rate of 15% above that.

译文

在欧盟国家中，葡萄牙并非唯一一个让海外领取退休金人员尝到甜头的国家。法国对一些养老金一次性征税7.5%；对私人医疗保险的合理使用也可让领取退休金的人避免缴纳养老金9.1%的社会负担费用。马尔他免除了高达132000欧元（15200美元）的税，均一费率为15%高于该数额。

 

State pensions are often excluded from generous exemptions but Cyprus taxes all pensions at 5%,making it particularly attractive for retired civil servants. It also allows people to withdraw their entire pension pots as a lump sum tax-free.Governments elsewhere are cross about being undercut. Portugal's most vocal critics are the Nordics.

译文

国家养老金常被排除在慷慨的免税政策之外，但除塞浦路斯外，该国对所有养老金征税5%，这对已退休公务员尤有吸引力。人们还能将一次性免征税的所有养老金取出来。他国政府抱怨财政被削弱。葡萄牙最直白的批评来自北欧人。

 

注释

1.take advantage of 利用

We couldn't take advantage of the man advantage

我们不能利用人的优势。来源于《BBC》

 

2.exemption 免除；免税

Ultimately, the biotech industry obtained its exemption

最终，生物技术产业获得了豁免。来源于《NEWYORKER》

 

3.stick around 逗留；停留

The rest of the Alawites will not stick around and wait to see what happens.

阿拉维派的其他人不会呆在这里等着看会发生什么。来源于《NEWYORKER》

 

4.withdraw 取钱

The rebels say they will not withdraw before negotiations

叛军说他们不会在谈判前撤退。来源于《VOA》

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