每日一篇:《经济学人》读译参考 Day132

英语阅读能力依靠什么？必然是词汇的积累，但，仅仅是词汇的积累是不够了，更应该了解英语句式，不同句型所表达意义。如何培养自己的阅读语感呢？那么就跟着聚英考研信息网小编每天学一点英语，一起为考研筑起坚实的地基。阅读是需要积累的，就像我们需要经常和人沟通才会促进我们的表达能力一样~小伙伴跟着小编一起，每天坚持打卡，培养英语阅读能力及语感，了解文章一些经典词汇的用法。

经济学人:关于利息:低利率意味着不公平(2)

 

Finance and Economics

财经

 

Free exchange：Negative justice

自由交流：负公平

 

But no sailor would accept those terms because he could instead eat one more piece from his own supply, thereby reducing his future consumption by one, and only one, piece.(A sailor who had already depleted his supplies, leaving him with no additional hardtack of his own to eat today, would be in no position to repay borrowed biscuits either.)

译文

但是, 没有船员会接受这种条件。这是因为，他可以代之以吃掉自己供给中的多于一份的干粮，因而减少了他未来的消费中的一份，并且仅仅是一份而已。(早已耗尽了自身供给，让自己今天没有额外的干粮吃的船员也不会有能力去偿还借来的干粮。)但是，没有船员会接受这些条件，这是因为，他可以从自己的供应一块吃，由此减少一个他未来的消费，只有一件。（一个水手已经耗尽他的供应，使他没有额外的硬面饼自己吃的今天，将N也要偿还借来的饼干。

 

That was bad news for thrifty seafarers.But worse scenarios were possible.If the sailors had washed ashore with perishable figs rather than imperishable hardtack, the rate of interest would have been steeply negative.

译文

对于勤俭的船员来说，这是个坏消息。但是更糟的情况是可能的。是带着容易腐烂变质的无花果而不是不容易腐烂变质的硬面包被冲到岸上，利息率会急剧的下降为负。

 

"There is no absolutely necessary reason inherent in the nature of man or things why the rate of interest in terms of any commodity standard should be positive rather than negative," Fisher concluded.

译文

费雪总结道：“人或事物本质上没有绝对必要的理由，为什么任何商品标准的利率应该是积极的，而不是消极的。”

 

Two years ago, when the Bank of Japan(BoJ) began charging financial institutions for adding to their reserves at the central bank,its negative-rate policy was harshly criticised for unsettling thrifty households, jeopardising bank profitability and killing growth with "monetary voodoo".Behind this fear and criticism was perhaps agut conviction that negative rates upended the natural order of things.

译文

两年前，当日本央行（BJ）开始向金融机构收取增加其央行存款准备金时，其负面利率政策受到严厉批评，被认为是搅乱了节俭的家庭，危及到了银行的盈利，而且还以“货币政策巫术”扼杀了增长。在这种担忧和批评的背后，可能是一种本能的认识，即负利率颠覆了事物的自然秩序。

 

Why should people pay to save money they had already earned?Earlier cuts below zero in Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden and the euro area were scarcely more popular.But these monetary innovations would have struck some earlier economic thinkers as entirely natural.

译文

为什么人们应当为存储早已挣到手的钱付费呢?瑞士、丹麦、瑞典和欧元区的早先低于0的减息几乎一点也不受欢迎。但是，这些货币政策方面的创新却会作为完全自然的创新而打动某些较早时候的经济学家。

 

Indeed, "The Natural Economic Order" was the title that Silvio Gesell gave to his 1916 treatise in favour of negative interest rates on money.In it, he span his own shipwreck parable, in which a lone Robinson Crusoe tries to save three years' worth of provisions to tide him over while he devotes his energies to digging a canal.

译文

事实上，《自然的经济秩序》是西尔沃.格塞尔(SilvioGesell)给他1916年的一篇主张货币负利率的论文所起的题目。在那篇论文中，他勾画了自己的海难寓言——独自一人的鲁滨逊一边试图把价值三年的给养储存起来渡过难关，一边把精力都用在开凿一条水道上面。

 

注释

1.in terms of 依据，按照，就…而言； 以…为单位

例句:We have no excuses in terms of the weather.

就天气而言，我们没有什么借口

 

2.in favour of 支持

例句:There was a trade off in favour of policy.

有利于政策的折衷。

 

3.save money 攒钱

例句:We need to save money and do things better.

我们需要省钱。把事情做得更好。

 

4.the central bank 中央银行

例句:The central bank's policy setting meeting ends Tuesday.

中央银行的政策制定会议于星期二结束

 

本篇例句来源于THETIMES、WSJ、BBC

 

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